Comparison of commonly used insulation materials

Commonly used thermal insulation materials mainly include aluminum silicate thermal insulation materials, loose thermal insulation materials (glass wool, rock wool thermal insulation felt), rubber and plastic thermal insulation materials.

1. Aluminum silicate insulation material

The aluminum silicate board is made by melting the selected coke gemstones in an electric furnace above 2000 ℃, and mechanically spraying them into fibers, and uniformly adding special binders, oil repellents, and water repellents to be cured by heating. Mainly used in the power industry, power boilers, steam turbines and nuclear power insulation, fire insulation in the shipbuilding industry, fire insulation in the construction industry, fire doors, wall linings for high temperature reaction equipment and heating equipment in the chemical industry, automobile and train manufacturing, Fire prevention, heat insulation, furnace lining, furnace door and other fields.

Aluminum silicate thermal insulation material is a new type of environmentally friendly thermal insulation material. Single-component material, non-toxic and harmless, in line with national building standards, has excellent sound absorption, high temperature resistance, water resistance, frost resistance, low shrinkage, seamless overall, no cold bridge or thermal bridge formation, light bulk density, and heat preservation performance , Is a Class A non-combustible fireproof and heat insulation material, which is mostly used for industrial heat preservation and heat insulation, but less used for building heat preservation.

Advantages of aluminum silicate insulation material:

1. High temperature resistance, the highest operating temperature can reach 1500℃;

2. Low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation performance. When used under the same conditions, aluminum silicate products have lower thermal conductivity than other thermal insulation materials;

3. Light weight, soft, light, and flexible, with dry process products ranging from 80 to 100 kg/m³, wet process products from 100 to 130 kg/m³;

4. It is not wet to molten metal and has good chemical stability;

5. Good sound absorption and sound insulation performance, with good sound insulation and sound insulation effect;

6. Good electrical insulation and high dielectric constant; it can be used as high-frequency insulating material.

Disadvantages of aluminum silicate insulation material:

1. The compressive and flexural strength of aluminum silicate is relatively poor;

2. Easy to produce dust;

3. The waterproof performance is not particularly good. If the aluminum silicate thermal insulation cotton comes into contact with water, it will greatly reduce the thermal insulation effect;

2. Loose insulation materials (glass wool, rock wool)

Glass wool:

Glass wool is a product made by using unique centrifugal technology to fiberize molten glass and add an environmentally friendly formula binder mainly composed of thermosetting resin.

As a kind of thermal insulation cotton, glass wool has the advantages of low thermal conductivity, flexible and slender fiber, and porous sound-absorbing structure. It not only has good thermal insulation performance, but also has good sound absorption effect, so glass wool can be used for Into wall panels, ceilings, space sound-absorbing bodies, etc. Although dust will be generated during construction, after the improvement of the process, the existing high-quality white formaldehyde-free glass wool has almost no dust generation.

Rock wool:

Rock wool insulation material is made of basalt and other natural ores as the main raw materials, melted into fibers at high temperature, and processed by adding an appropriate amount of binder.

As a kind of thermal insulation cotton, rock wool has the advantage of being composed of high-density materials, which are also fiber materials, but the sound absorption effect is not as good as glass wool, but the sound insulation effect is better than glass wool, so in general, use As a sound insulation material, it can be used for heat preservation and sound insulation of building walls and roofs, as well as heat preservation and heat insulation of ships and sound insulation of fire-proof partition keel sandwiches. The sound absorption and heat preservation effect of rock wool is slightly inferior to that of glass wool.

3. Rubber and plastic insulation materials

The rubber and plastic insulation material is a closed-cell elastic material, which has excellent properties such as softness, bending resistance, cold resistance, heat resistance, flame retardancy, water resistance, low thermal conductivity, shock absorption, and sound absorption. It can be widely used in central air-conditioning, construction, chemicals, medicine, textiles, metallurgy, ships, vehicles, electrical appliances and other fields.

▲ Rubber and plastic sheets and pipes

Advantages of rubber and plastic insulation materials:

1. Green and environmental protection: Rubber and plastic do not contain chlorofluoride which is harmful to the atmosphere, meet the requirements of ISO14000 international environmental protection certification, and do not produce harmful pollutants to the human body during installation and application.

2. Low thermal conductivity: The rubber and plastic have low thermal conductivity, long-lasting stability, excellent cold and thermal insulation performance, and the outer surface of the material can prevent condensation and isolate the medium from heat exchange with the outside. It is a high-quality thermal insulation and energy-saving material. The thermal conductivity of rubber and plastic products can be as low as 0.033w/(k·m) (at 0°C).

3. Good fire performance: rubber and plastic materials meet the national standard "Analysis Method for the Combustion Performance of Building Materials" for the flame-retardant Class B1 fire protection requirements. In addition, there are "ultra-high oxygen index" rubber and plastic insulation materials suitable for high-rise buildings and high-density areas.

4. Closed bubble structure: the closed bubble rate of the cells is greatly improved, and the thermal conductivity of the product is lower; the cells are more uniform and dense, and the resistance to water vapor penetration is strong. Extended service life.

5. Moisture-proof and moisture-proof: The rubber and plastic have a closed bubble structure. It is difficult for water in the outside air to penetrate into the material. It has excellent resistance to water vapor penetration. There is no need to add a vapor barrier to the surface of the cold and thermal insulation layer. The moisture resistance factor of rubber and plastics is greater than 3500 (ISO9346) to form a built-in water vapor layer, even if the product is scratched, it will not affect the overall moisture resistance. Therefore, rubber and plastic are both an insulation layer and a moisture-proof layer.

6. Thin materials and space saving: Under the same insulation effect, the thickness of rubber and plastics used is about two-thirds less than other insulation materials. Therefore, the space above the ceiling of the floor can be saved, and the indoor height can be increased.

7. Long service life: Rubber and plastics have excellent weather resistance, anti-aging, cold resistance, heat resistance, anti-drying, anti-humidity, UV resistance, ozone resistance, non-deformation, and maintenance-free characteristics.

8. The appearance is high-grade, neat and beautiful: rubber and plastic have high elasticity, smooth surface, and soft texture. Even if they are installed on irregular components such as elbows, tees, valves, etc., they can remain intact and beautiful. The appearance does not need to be decorated, even if it is not suspended. It looks high-end and beautiful.

9. Easy and fast installation: Because the material is soft and no auxiliary layer is needed, the construction and installation are simple. For the installation of the pipeline, it can be fitted with the pipeline installation progress, or the rubber-plastic pipe can be split and then glued with special glue. combine.